B. Intellectuals critiqued the role that religion played in public life, insisting on the importance of reason as opposed to revelation.
C. Enlightenment thinkers developed new political ideas about the individual, natural rights, and the social contract. Examples of Enlightenment thinkers: • Locke • Montesquieu D. The ideas of Enlightenment thinkers influenced resistance to existing political authority, as reflected in revolutionary documents. Required examples of revolutionary documents: • The American Declaration of Independence • The French Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen • Bolivar’s Jamaica Letter E. These ideas influenced many people to challenge existing notions of social relations, which led to the expansion of rights as seen in expanded suffrage, the abolition of slavery and the end of serfdom, as their ideas were implemented. |
A. Discontent with monarchist and imperial rule encouraged the development of political ideologies, including liberalism, socialism, and communism.
B. Demands for women’s suffrage and an emergent feminism challenged political and gender hierarchies. Examples of such demands: • Mary Wollstonecraft’s A Vindication of the Rights of Woman • Olympe de Gouges’s “Declaration of the Rights of Women and the Female Citizen” • The resolutions passed at the Seneca Falls Conference in 1848 |